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Wood types and color stains

When you purchase an unfinished solid wood item from us, it's essential to apply a finish within a week of receiving it to protect it from potential damage caused by exposure to the elements and moisture. Our solid wood items are crafted to meet the highest quality standards, but leaving them untreated for too long can increase the risk of warping or cracking. Since wood is a natural material, it may expand or shrink depending on its environment and the current climate. This characteristic applies to both finished and unfinished solid wood items and should be viewed as a natural trait rather than a flaw. Despite applying premium paints and finishes to our solid wood products, there is still a possibility of cracking or warping. Therefore, we cannot be held responsible for any such issues that are not reported within three days of delivery. Additionally, it's important to understand that the wood grain of our products varies naturally from one item to another and is beyond our control.

We offer a variety of wood types and stain colors for our wooden doors.

Pine

Pine


Characteristic of pine wood
Scientific name of Pine wood
Its English name is Pine, derived from the Latin Pinus. The scientific name of pine is Pinus. Pine refers to the shrubs of the genus Pinus, there are now more than 112 different species of pine and they are originally often called Pine. Pine trees thrive best in temperate climates.

 

Morphological characteristics of pine wood

 

Pine trees are tall and straight, with small branches. With light and space conditions, the tree have larger branches. Altitude depends on the species from 3-80 meters (10-260 feet), with common elevations ranging from 15-45m (50–150 ft). Most of the bark is usually scaly, the trunk is resinous. The branches are created in a regular spiral. The leaves are green, growing in clusters.

 

– Where are pine trees mainly distributed in Vietnam?

 

Pine trees are native to the Northern Hemisphere, and are distributed in some temperate to tropical regions. Pine trees can live in a wide range of environments from tropical forests to semi-arid deserts, from the coldest to the hottest climates. However, they will usually occur in mountainous areas with favorable soil and little water.

90% of Vietnam Pine area is in the Langbian Plateau has an altitude of 1000-1800m, and some lower areas such as the Di Linh Plateau have an altitude of 800-1000m, in addition, it is also distributed in other regions of Vietnam such as Ha Giang, Son La, Gia Lai, Kontum. With about 15 different species of Pine.

 

Is pine a hardwood or a softwood?

 

Pine is an evergreen gymnosperm that belongs to the softwood group. Wood still ensures certainty when used in construction and furniture design.

 

pine wood grain and texture

Pine wood has a straight grain, medium texture, ensuring stability when used as furniture. However, some types will have uneven texture and appear knots.

 

Color of Pine wood

 

There are sapwood and core that are not clearly distinguished, the heartwood is light brown and the sapwood is lighter yellowish white.

 

Pine wood growth

 

Pines are grown in both temperate and tropical regions, however they grow rapidly in temperate climates. A pine tree has a life span of 1000 years, now for the purpose of planting and harvesting, pine is harvested after 20-25 years.
In Vietnam, some species of Pine grown from 13-15 years old can be exploited for resin. In the next 5-7 years, they will be get wood.

 

Durability of Pine wood:

 

Pine is a soft wood, but it is still hard, so it is chosen for use in furniture and in house construction. At the same time, compared to hardwood they are less prone to shrinkage or swelling in humid environments. However, over time, we all need to preserve and maintain to limit wear and tear with any type of wood.

 

Okume

Quercus humboldtii, commonly known in the USA as the Colombian oak, is a species of oak native to the Andes region of Colombia and Panama. It is also regionally known as “Roble de Tierra Fría” due to its prevalence in cooler highland climates. This tree is valued for its ecological importance, providing habitat for various species, and for its use in traditional medicine and timber

  • production.Kingdom: Plantae
  • Phylum: Tracheophyta
  • Class: Magnoliopsida
  • Order: Fagales
  • Family: Fagaceae
  • Genus: Quercus
  • Species: Q. humboldtii

 

Description


Quercus humboldtii is a deciduous or semi-evergreen tree known for its impressive stature and longevity. It is a key species within its native range, contributing to the structure and function of the Andean forests. The Colombian oak is recognized for its ornamental value due to its majestic appearance and is also commercially valuable for its hard, durable wood.

 

Size


The Colombian oak typically reaches heights of 20 to 25 meters, with the tallest individuals known to exceed 30 meters. The average growth rate per month is variable, depending on environmental conditions but is generally moderate. Its root system is extensive and deeply anchored, providing stability to the tree; however, in urban settings, the roots can sometimes cause damage to pavements or structures if not properly managed.

 

Leaves


The leaves of Quercus humboldtii are simple and alternate, with a length of 8 to 15 centimeters. They exhibit an elliptical shape with a pointed tip and a rounded base, and the margins are entire or slightly wavy. Botanically, the leaves are characterized by their leathery texture, glossy green upper surface, and paler underside with prominent venation.

 

Flower


The Colombian oak is monoecious, producing both male and female flowers on the same tree. The male flowers are arranged in drooping catkins, while the female flowers are less conspicuous, found singly or in small clusters. The blooming period occurs in the dry season, and the flowers are wind-pollinated.

 

Fruit


The fruit of Quercus humboldtii is an acorn, a type of nut that is a hallmark of the oak genus. The acorns are borne on a short stalk and are encased at the base by a scaly cupule. They mature approximately 6 to 8 months after flowering.

 

Stem


The stem of the Colombian oak is robust and erect, with a thick, furrowed bark that provides protection against environmental stressors and pests. The bark is gray-brown and becomes deeply ridged with age.

 

Cultivation and Care


Quercus humboldtii is a hardy species that can be grown successfully with proper care and attention to its specific needs.

 

Planting


When planting the Colombian oak, select a site with ample space to accommodate its mature size. Planting should be done during the rainy season to ensure adequate water availability for root establishment. It is advisable to use well-draining soil and to plant the tree at the same depth it was grown in the nursery.

 

Soil Preference


This oak species prefers well-drained soils, such as loam or sandy loam, with a slightly acidic to neutral pH range. It is adaptable to different soil types but thrives in fertile, deep soils that retain moisture without becoming waterlogged.

 

Watering


Young trees require regular watering to establish a strong root system. Once established, Quercus humboldtii is relatively drought-tolerant. A sample watering schedule might include deep watering once a week during the dry season, with adjustments based on rainfall and soil moisture levels.

 

Sun Requirements


The Colombian oak requires full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. It performs best in locations that receive direct sunlight for at least part of the day, making it suitable for open landscapes and large gardens.

 

Pruning


Pruning should be done to remove dead or damaged branches, to shape the tree during its formative years, and to maintain its health. The best time to prune is during the dormant season. Use clean, sharp tools to make precise cuts, and avoid removing more than a quarter of the tree’s canopy at one time.

 

Propagation


Propagation of Quercus humboldtii is typically achieved through seed (acorns). The acorns should be collected when ripe and sown immediately, as they lose viability quickly. Stratification may improve germination rates.

 

Health & Safety


There are no known toxic or poisonous parts of Quercus humboldtii to humans, dogs, or cats. The tree does not have thorns or spines, and there are no reports of it causing contact dermatitis or being otherwise dangerous.

 

Pests and Problems


Quercus humboldtii may be susceptible to pests such as the oak leafroller (Archips semiferanus) and the oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata). These insects can cause defoliation and damage to the foliage, respectively. Management includes monitoring for pests, promoting tree health to increase resistance, and, if necessary, using appropriate insecticides. Intolerances include waterlogged soils and extreme cold temperatures, which can lead to root rot and frost damage.

Mahogany

Mahogany is a commercially important lumber prized for its beauty, durability, and color, and used for paneling and to make furniture, boats, musical instruments and other items. The leading importer of mahogany is the United States, followed by Britain; while the largest exporter today is Peru, which surpassed Brazil after that country banned mahogany exports in 2001. It is estimated that some 80 or 90 percent of Peruvian mahogany exported to the United States is illegally harvested, with the economic cost of illegal logging in Peru placed conservatively at $US40-70 million annually. It was estimated that in 2000, some 57,000 mahogany trees were harvested to supply the U.S. furniture trade alone.

Mahogany is the national tree of the Dominican Republic and Belize. A mahogany tree with two woodcutters bearing an axe and a paddle also appears on the Belizean national coat of arms, under the national motto, Sub umbra floreo, Latin for “under the shade I flourish.”

Much of the first-quality furniture made in the American colonies from the mid 18th century was made of mahogany, when the wood first became available to American craftsmen. Mahogany is still widely used for fine furniture; however, the rarity of Cuban mahogany and over harvesting of Honduras and Brazilian mahogany has diminished their use.

Mahogany also resists wood rot, making it attractive in boat construction. It is also often used for musical instruments, particularly the backs, sides and necks of acoustic guitars and drum shells because of its ability to produce a very deep, warm tone compared to other commonly used woods such as maple or birch. Guitars featuring mahogany in their construction include Martin D-18, Gibson Les Paul.

Mahogany is now being used for the bodies of high-end stereo phonographic record cartridges and for stereo headphones, where it is noted for “warm” or “musical” sound.

Description:

Genuine mahogany is widely distributed throughout Central and South America. It has been highly valued for its woodworking qualities and natural rich red-brown beauty since traders first began shipping it to Europe in the 16th Century. It is a highly stable wood, extremely durable, easy to work with and a first choice of craftsmen for flooring, furniture, wall and ceiling paneling and high-end cabinetry. This is the original and true Mahogany wood.

Other Names:

Swietenia macrophylla, Honduran Mahogany, Mogno, Caoba, Acajou, Aguano, Mara

Genuine Mahogany Lumber Scientific Properties and Technical Specifications

Janka Hardness:

800 pounds

Strength (MOR):

11,460 psi

Stiffness (MOE):

1,450 1000 psi

Density (KG/m3):

650

Color:

Heartwood is pale or medium reddish-brown to a deep rich red-brown with clearly demarcated light-colored sapwood

Photosensitivity:

Will patina to a slightly darker reddish-brown as it ages

Tangential Shrinkage:

4.1%

Radial Shrinkage: 2.5%

Family:

Meliaceae

Tree Characteristics:

Swietenia macrophylla

Geographic Area: Widely distributed in Central and South America

Texture:

Medium

Grain:

Straight to Interlocked

Luster:

High

Durability Rating:

Durable

Drying Characteristics: Easy without notable warping or checking

Working Characteristics:

Easy to work

Applications:

Flooring, Wall and Ceiling Paneling, Furniture, Cabinets, Boat building, Veneer

Jequitiba Jbarco

Surface treatment: Based on previous experience, taking into account the fundamentally necessary prerequisites, such as: B. sufficient drying, all common indoor and outdoor products can be used

Possible uses:

Abarco and Jequitiba are versatile woods due to their good strength properties, sufficient fungus resistance (with Abarco), good stamina and partly mahogany-like coloring: As sawn wood for use in exterior (Abarco only) as well as interior construction, for small furniture, profile boards, Frame timbers, strips, stairs and parquet. As a veneer, especially cut for face veneers on interior and exterior surfaces of furniture as well as for doors and paneling

 

Remarks:

In Brazil there are other species of the genus Carlniana that structurally correspond to the Jequitiba, but are usually even brighter in color, such as the Jequitiba branca of C-estrellensis. Other South American woods of the Couratarl genus from the same family, mostly referred to as Tauary or with the fancy name "Brazilian Wild Cherry", have the same structure as Aberco and Jequitiba; because of their usually light color, they are also used in exchange for Ramin. The The name "Bacu" for "Abarco" should not be confused with the similar name "Baku" for the African "Makore". The occasionally used name "mahogany" or "Colombian mahogany" for woods of the genus Cariniana is not applicable, as it are neither woods from the genus Swietenia nor any other from the mahogany family (Meliaceae).

Oak Andino

New Zealand Oak

Tropical Timber

DIN EN 13556: SMAM)

 

Botanical name:

Simarouba amara, family Simaroubaceae

 

Distribution:

Caribbean, Central America, northern South America

Trade and local names: caixeta, paraeúba, pitomba, tamanqueira (BR); simaruba (CO); capulli, cuña, guitarro (EC); amargo, chiriguamo (BO); aceituno (GT); olivo (CR); acajou blanc (GF); simarupa (GY); soemaroeba (SR); cedro blanco, chiriuana (VE); bitterwood, raintree (US)

 

Target title: Marupá - definition and characteristics

Short description: Simarouba amara is the only one of the five species of the genus Simarouba whose timber is traded regionally and on the international market, mainly under the standard Brazilian name Marupá. The most important exporting countries are Brazil and Peru, which supply sawnwood and plywood, but also various finished products to Mexico and the USA, and more recently also to Europe.

Color and structure:

Heartwood and sapwood uniformly yellowish white or straw. Growth zone boundaries are not clearly marked. Wood with scattered pores, storage cells in cross section as light-colored, narrow, wavy bands. Grain mostly straight, sometimes also slightly alternate.

General character:

Light-colored, matt-glossy wood, homogeneous structure, low to medium density, uniformly light color and generally coarse texture.

 

Machinability:

The light wood and homogeneous structure allows clean machining with hand and machine tools. Marupá can be easily sawn, planed, milled, turned, drilled and transformed into peeled and cut veneers. Screws and nails are satisfactorily fastened. The homogeneous structure of the machined surfaces in combination with the uniformly light color allows a wide range of coloring by dyeing. Adhesion and surface treatment with commercially available preparations are no problem.

 

Drying:

Marupá dries easily and quickly in the open air with a low risk of warping and cracking. The same applies to technical drying. It is especially important that as little time as possible elapses between cutting and drying to avoid quality losses due to fungal attack (blue stain).

 

nat. Durability:

The wood is not durable and is very quickly attacked by fungi and insects that discolor and destroy the wood when fresh.

 

Areas of use:

The low natural durability of wood limits its use to interior areas. Preferred applications are interior structural construction under low mechanical stress, furniture, profiled panels and boards, interior doors, plywood top and middle layers, musical instruments, picture frames, broomsticks, less frequently also for packaging, toys and matches.

 

Substitute woods:

For similar light colored woods such as Ako (M-67), Lime (M-140), Primavera (M-122) as well as lighter grades of Birch (M-93), Ramin (M-27) and similar.

 

Notes:

Occasionally traumatic resin channels occur in tangential bands. The resin does not crystallize and may flow and form stains when the surface is heated.

 

Bibliography:

CIRAD-FORÊT: Tropix 7: Fiches techniques Version 7.5.1. Simarouba amara: tropix.cirad.fr/en Comvalius, L.B. 2001. Surinamese timber species - characterization and utilization. Associatie van Bos Bxploitanten (ABE), Paramaribo, Suriname. Forest Products Laboratory, Madison-

 

  • Air-dry bulk density (12 -15 % u): 0.35-0.38-0.45 g/cm³
  • Compressive strength u12-15 : 28-34-40 N/mm².
  • Flexural strength u12-15 : 48-59-70 N/mm².
  • Modulus of elasticity (bending) u12-15 : 8200-10100-11800 N/mm².
  • Hardness (JANKA) ⊥ converted: 2.0-3.0 kN.
  • Hardness (BRINELL) ⊥ at fiber u12-15 : 13-17 N/mm².
  • Drying shrinkage (radial): 1.6-2.8 %.
  • Drying shrinkage (tangential): 3.1-4.4 %.
  • Differential shrinkage (radial): ≈ 0.11 %.
  • Differential shrinkage (tangential): ≈ 0.25 %.
  • Natural durability (DIN-EN 350-2): corresponds to class 5.

Wood Species And Colors

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